An abacus is a simple 'counting frame' that was used by many great ancient civilizations (there is recorded use by Mesopotamians, ancient Egyptians, Persians, Greeks, Romans, the Chinese Tang Dynasty, Buddhist scholars, etc.). Monikered as 'The First Calculator,' this nifty device allowed ancient scholars to perform large digit numerical operations with ease, long before the invention of the written numerical system.
To date, it is still commonly used by merchants, traders and clerks, and is being taught in many schools around the world because of its many neurological benefits, and ability to help people with visual / learning impairments.
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